This is the first quiz section basic hydrology. Please check your answers and let me know how many you get write in the comments.
Multiple Choice Questions
- What does PET stand for in hydrological studies?
- A) Potential Evapotranspiration
- B) Precipitation Evaporation Transfusion
- C) Potential Energy Transfer
- D) Precipitation Energy Transformation
- Answer: A) Potential Evapotranspiration
- Which formula is commonly used to estimate PET?
- A) Manning’s formula
- B) Darcy’s law
- C) Penman-Monteith equation
- D) Rational method
- Answer: C) Penman-Monteith equation
- A hyetograph represents which of the following?
- A) River discharge over time
- B) Rainfall intensity over time
- C) Water table level
- D) Soil moisture content
- Answer: B) Rainfall intensity over time
- What is the primary purpose of a hydrograph?
- A) To measure soil moisture
- B) To plot rainfall intensity
- C) To show the rate of flow versus time past a specific point in a river
- D) To calculate potential evaporation
- Answer: C) To show the rate of flow versus time past a specific point in a river
- Which component is NOT part of the water balance equation?
- A) Precipitation
- B) Evapotranspiration
- C) Infiltration
- D) Wind speed
- Answer: D) Wind speed
- What does a Moody diagram display?
- A) Relationship between water temperature and pressure
- B) Relationship between friction factor, Reynolds number, and relative roughness
- C) Changes in groundwater level over time
- D) Sediment transport rates in rivers
- Answer: B) Relationship between friction factor, Reynolds number, and relative roughness
- Which is NOT a method to measure streamflow?
- A) Weir
- B) Flume
- C) Seismograph
- D) Current meter
- Answer: C) Seismograph
- What is the main difference between laminar and turbulent flow?
- A) Laminar flow is characterized by chaotic fluid particles, while turbulent flow has streamlined fluid particles.
- B) Laminar flow has streamlined fluid particles, while turbulent flow is characterized by chaotic fluid particles.
- C) There is no significant difference; both terms mean the same.
- D) Laminar flow occurs only in oceans, while turbulent flow occurs in rivers.
- Answer: B) Laminar flow has streamlined fluid particles, while turbulent flow is characterized by chaotic fluid particles.
True/False Questions
- True or False: Evaporation is solely dependent on temperature.
- Answer: False (It also depends on other factors such as humidity, wind speed, and solar radiation.)
- True or False: In hydrology, runoff describes the part of precipitation that eventually reaches the rivers.
- Answer: True
- True or False: Groundwater flow is always in the direction of decreasing pressure.
- Answer: True
- True or False: The Rational Method is used to predict the peak discharge of a river from a specific storm event.
- Answer: True
Numeric Questions
- If the precipitation is 120 mm in a month and the evapotranspiration is 30 mm, what is the water surplus?
- Answer: 120 mm – 30 mm = 90 mm
- Calculate the runoff if the total precipitation is 200 mm and the losses (infiltration and evapotranspiration) are 50 mm.
- Answer: Runoff = Precipitation – Losses = 200 mm – 50 mm = 150 mm
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